Getting started with job applications for the UK

Whether you are applying for a volunteer position, part-time job or graduate role you will normally need to make a formal application. This may involve a written application a CV (curriculum vitae / resume) plus a cover letter and or an application form.

Tip: To get ready for applying for opportunities in the UK as soon as you arrive start working on your CV now.

Writing a CV for the UK Job Market

CVs in the UK may be different from those in your home country, so it's important to follow these tips and refer to the example template provided to make sure your CV meets UK expectations

Here are some key tips to help you prepare your CV before arriving at The University of Manchester:

  • Use a 2-page reverse chronological format (unless you’re applying for Banking which usually favours the one-page CV), starting with your most recent education and experience.
  • Choose clear fonts (e.g. Arial, Calibri) and consistent formatting with bullet points and aligned dates.
  • Focus on achievements and skills within each experience using strong action verbs (e.g. managed, created). [insert link]
  • Tailor section headings (e.g. “Legal Work Experience”, “Awards”) to match your strengths.
  • Only include name and contact details, do not include photo, date of birth, gender, or marital status.
  • Add your LinkedIn URL if available.

Use clear headings such as:

    • Education
    • Work Experience
    • Relevant Experience
    • Positions of Responsibility

Don’t list references on your CV, employers will request them later in the recruitment process.

Writing a Cover Letter for the UK Job Market

Your covering letter acts as the introduction to your application and is your personal sales pitch. Your CV contains the facts, the cover letter is about your motivation and fit for the organisation and role. Always include one unless the job advert says otherwise.

Structure Your Cover Letter in 3 Key Parts:

  • Why this company? – What makes them stand out to you?
  • Why this role? – Show your interest and understanding of the position.
  • What do you offer? – Match your skills and experience to the job description.

Key tips

  • Keep it to one page: professional, clear, and concise.
  • Include date and your contact info.
  • Mention how you've researched the company (e.g. LinkedIn, events, UoM alumni).
  • Use a named contact if possible (“Dear [Name]”); if not, “Dear Recruiter” is acceptable.
  • You must evidence your skills, show where and how you developed them.
  • Avoid overly emotional words (eg. “overjoyed”; “passionate” etc) ; stay professional in tone.
  • Tailor your letter to each company, avoid generic messages.
  • Use the job’s reference number if listed.
  • End with a confident sign-off: “Yours sincerely” for a named contact or “Yours faithfully” if no name is available.

Further resources

Writing an Application Form for the UK Job Market

Many UK employers use online application forms instead of CVs. These often include questions about your motivation, understanding of the role, and skills relevant to the job.

Before you start:

  • Research the company and role thoroughly. Use job descriptions to identify key skills and qualities required.
  • Attend employer events (check CareerConnect once you are fully registered) and speak with representatives to gain insights into company culture and values.

Types of interview questions

Motivational Question Examples

  • “Why do you want to work for this company?”
  • “What attracts you to this position?”

Tip: Don’t just repeat facts—share your personal perspective and show what excites you about the role or organisation.

Skills and Competency Question Examples

  • “Tell us about a time you worked in a team.”
  • “Describe how you set yourself apart from others.”

Tip: Use the CAR method to answer:

  • Context – What was the situation?
  • Action – What did you do?
  • Result – What was the outcome? (Include numbers or impact where possible.)

Personal Statements or Open Questions

You may be asked to “Provide information in support of your application.” Use this space to:

  • Explain why you want this organisation and role.
  • Address each point in the job description.
  • Use structured examples (CAR) from work, study, volunteering, or extra-curricular activities.
  • Follow a logical order, and don’t repeat points.

1–2 pages is usually appropriate depending on the format. Use headings to make your statement easy to follow.